Concrete building construction



Feb 2o, 1923.

A. HENDERSON CONCRETE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION` l Filed-July' 15, 1921 y y' `3 'sheets-sheet er?) Hedefawu Feb. 20, 1923. A y A. HENDERSON CONCRETE BILDING CONSTRUCTION; y

I Filed July l5, 1921 5 sheets-sheet 5 leri' Heqfde/nsozv.

Patented Feb. 2G, l923 i e r y z ALBERT HENDERSON, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

CONCRETE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Application lcd July 15,1921. Serial No. 484,96*?.y

To all whom t may cof/cern Be it known that I, ALBERT HnNDnnsoN, a. citizen oi the United States, residing at Pittsburgh, in the county ot Allegheny andA by the blocks may be easily joined so that the completed structure will form a monolithic mass; to provide novel means for effecting the joining of adjacent blocks, and also to provide means whereby the blocks will be particularly adapted to hold a iioor or other structural elements in place. The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and will be hereinafter lirst fully described and then particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of a beam showing one embodiment of my in-v vention;

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation showing the `invention embodied in a beam and column of vlarger dimensions than those appearmgin Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of a beam and girder showing the junction of the same;

Fig. 5 is an end view of one of the blocks;

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section on the line 6--6or`Fig.5;l

Fig. 7 is a detail end elevation showing a plurality of the blocks assembled;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged View showing the manner in which a floor may be united with the blocks forming a beam; i

Fig. 9 is a detail view of a reinforcement `which may be employed.

In carrying out my invention, I employ a vplurality of blocks 1 which are formed of concrete and are molded at a central plant, reinforcements 2, when employed, being embedded in the blocks duringthe molding of the same. wires or rods of steel having any desired contigurationand may be employed in any desired arrangement or maybe omittedif preferred. In Fig. l, I have shown blocksA 3 having inclined sides, a keystone block i, and an end block 5 having one vertical side, the end blocks being adapted to itin recesses in the sides ot a girder' 6 and the other blocks 65 being readily assembled into a beam or arch, as will be readily understood. In the remain-` ing figures of the drawing, I have shown a block, all of the sides of which are 'atright angles to themeeting sides, and either form- 7K0 ot block may be employed without involving a ydeparture from my invention. Whetherl the block'be vot the shape shown in Fig. 1 or of the shape shown in the other figures, it is "provided with longitudinallpassages 1T there- 75` through to receive tie rods 8, and nuts 9 or other clamping elements are l'i'tted upon the ends of these tie rods so'that'when thenuts are turned home all the blocks `in a given beam or girder or columnvwill be eiectually S0 held together. In Fig.k 1, I have shownl ,the blocks as provided with grooves 10 through which keys oi any desired form may be inn serted and in the ends of all thel blocks grooves 11 are formed which are adapted to 85 register with `corresponding grooves in the abutting ends of meeting bloc rs and into which the ends of the passages 7 open. .Recesses 12 are provided in the ends'ot the blocks to establish commuijzication Wiih'the 90` grooves 11 and these 'openings' or recesses 124 may be Jformed 'byfdrilling after the blocks have been delivered at thepoint of userinasmuc-h as circumstances may i demand that they be formed at differenty sides of the block. yAlfter the blocks are assembled in a .beam or girder or column. groutorliquidf v green cement -is pouredy through these op`en- A l' ings andwill flow into and through the grooves 11 and the ,passages 7 so as'to fill 100 the same, the result beingthaufwhen this grout has set, a monolithic structure will be f produced. It will be readily understood that the blocks may be superposed to form a column, as shown invFigs. 2 and 3, and'that `105 the columns may be theV Widthy of a single block or of the width of two or more blocks,

Fig. 3 showing columns having a width equal to the combined width of two blocks.

Fig. 3 also showsthebeamqasconsistiug of `110l superposed blocks and in Fig.y -7 I have shown al Sectional` arrangement ofv four-- These reinforcements l2 `may be i parallel `grooves 11 so that an ample passage for the grout is provided anda strong key will be produced by the grout to connect the adjacent blocks. A reinforcing rod or 'frame lfl will preferably be placed in the grooves 11 When the bloclrs are assembloth ai extend f parallel with the outersides ol' all the blocks and may be of such cr ertional dimensions that it will enter the corresponding grooves in. the opposed faces of abutting A' blocks. lt may also be tied or otherwise en- GOT `as shown in Fig.

gaged with the tie rods S inserted through the-series of blocks so that all the blocks will be eifectually tied together. l also provid@` lreyu'ays 15 in theouter surfaces of some of the blocks and when the blocks are assembled, v7., these lreyivays are brought together so that a passage to be filled with grout Will be produced which will form a very strong hey binding the blocks against separation. lhe-n the blocks are arranged to form intersecting beams and girders, as shown in AFig'. e, openings 16 are vformed in the opposed sides of the blocks at the tops thereof through which grout may be poured to reach the several passages and' keyivays and bind the bloclrs together.

ln Fig. l, 1 have shown the girder provided withv a longitudinal chamber 16 in its lovver portion, and a plurality of tie rods 17 are disposed through and Within the said passage. ln the end of the girder, a vertical groove 1.8 extends tothe upper end thereof and a reinforcement rod 19 isdisposed Withinthe said groove. the tie rods 8 of the series of blocks 3, 4 and 5 being connectedv by rein` forcements 20 constructed With loops or eyes to engage around the said reinforcement rod 19. A tolill the same and the passage 16 and em- -bed the reinforcement 197 the connection members 20, and the tie rods 17, as Will be readily understood.

I. have also, in Fig 1., shown the rein! forcements 2 as extended above the tops of the-blocksA and formed into loops or eyes. as shown at 2l, adapted to engage around longitudinal reinforcing. 'tie rods 22. dis posed in grooves 23 in the edges of floor slabs 24. When grout has been poured into thejoints between the iioor slabs and around the,- members 21 and 22,y theioor slabs will be very effectually united With the beam and girder blocks.

,. In; Fig. `8, I havev'shovvnA a reinforcement.

Aand embed the said connected ments and thereby tie the slabs to the beam shown in v Fig. 7. yand this reinfonement frame will y Grout is poured through the groove 18- Leashes farie having a triangular portion 25 htrecesses 2T so as to completely surround reinforceywhich may be constantly employed in pro-v ducing blocks for future use. The blocks may be very rapidly assembled and the pouring of the green cement or groot to e feet a monolithic coupling of the separate blocks may be very rapidly and economi cally performed. so that the completion of any operation in which the blocl s are lused will be expedited. llVhen the grou't has set a very strong structure will result.

Upon reference to Fig o,v it will be noted that the passages 7 through the blocks are flared toward their opposite ends so that the overlapping or interengaging portions of the different reinforcements ivi-ll beaccommodated and will not unduly obstruct the dow of the grout and it Wil-l also be noted that the ends of these passages are preferably elliptical, as shown in Figs. 5 and S for the .same reason. lt is also to be noted that the girder end blocks are provided With holes through which vertical rods from the columns are passed and the )earn ends are prorided with holes through which girder rods are threaded.

After the blocks are brought together in a Wall .or other structure,'grout may be poured through the openings in the upper sides of the blocks so as to flow around' the reinforcing tie rods and till all the grooves in tire abutting ends of the blocks. When this. grout is set, a monolithic structurev will be produced'. lWhen the blocks are laid to form columns or poles, the passages therethrough ivill be arranged vertically and the. reinforcing tie rods may be dropped-through the vertically alinedpassages, as will be readily understood. Grout will, of course7 be poured intothe several passages and will indits Way through the several grooves and lreyivays Vto firmly. unite the blocks, and i may be out through one or more sides of I the. blocks according tothe position which their opposed faces and recesses in communication with said grooves. said grooves and recesses being adapted to receive a plastic binder, and clamping means extending through all the blocks.

2. ln building construction, the'combina-V tion of bloclrs having vertical grooves in their opposed faces and recesses in communication with said grooves, said grooves and recesses being adapted to receive a plastic binder and the blocks being arranged in alined series, means for clamping the blocks in each series together, means `for connecting said clamping means between the adjacent ends of the series, and a plastic binder around said connecting means.

3. ln building construction, the combination of blocks having internal longitudinal passages through their lower portions and provided in their ends with vertically disposed grooves leading from the exterior of the blocks to said passages, clamping rods extending through said passages, means on the ends of the rods to clamp the blocks together, and a plastic binder filling the grooves and the passages.

i. In building construction. the combination of preformed concrete blocks having reinforcements embedded therein, a plastic binder between the meeting ends of adja` cent blocks, and reinforcements embedded in said binder, some of the reinforcements projecting above the blocks.

5. In building construction, the combination of a plurality of concrete blocks disposed in series and provided in their opposed end faces with grooves spaced inwardly from their sides and each block having a filling opening extending from said grooves to the exterior of the block, tie rods inserted through the interior of all the blocks of the series, means on said tie rods for clamping the blocks together, and a plastic binder inserted through the openings in the tops of the blocks and filling the grooves in the ends of the same to form internal keys joining the abutting ends of the blocks.

6. In building construction, the combination of a plurality of concrete blocks disposed in series and each provided with internal passages therethrough extending longitudinally ofthe series, the blocks being further provided with communicating grooves intheir opposed end faces spaced wholly from their sides with some grooves communicating with said passagestie rods inserted through kthe said passages, rein-A forcements fitted in the grooves and about the tie rods, means on the tie rods for clampiilling the grooves and the passages and em- `ing the blocks together, and a plastic binder bedding the tie rods and the reinforcements.

7. ln building construction, the combina-f` ranged in series and provided in their opposed ends with communicating grooves and in their opposed sides with registering longi`` y tudinal keyways,-tie rods extending throughv all the `bloclrs and clamping theblo'cksr together, reinforcements disposed in the registering. grooves and about the tie rods,and a plastic binder filling said grooves and said lreyways and embedding the tie. rods and the reinforcements.

8. In buildin tion of a pluraty of concrete bloclrs,rein

forcements embedded in the blocks, tie rods 4 extending through' alined blocks, a plastic binder between the `meeting endsl of adjacent blocks, reinforcements embedded in said binder, some of the reinforcements projecting above the blocks, blocks resting on the rst-mentioned blocks at the sides of the projecting reinforcements, reinforcing tie construction, the combination `of a plurality ofconcrete blocks arrods engaging said projecting reinforcements, and a plastic binder joining the firstmentioned blocks and embedding said reinforcing tie rods and the projecting reinforcements engaged byv them.

9. ln building construction, the combination of blocks havinor internallongitudinal passages therethrough and provided in their opposed end faces with grooves spaced inwardly from their sides, the passages opening at their ends 4within the grooves, and a plastic binder filling the grooves and entering the passages.

10. In building construction, the combination of blocks provided in their end faces with groovesspaced inwardly from and parallel .with their side faces and otherl grooves within the area defined by the firstinentioned grooves and communicating with said first-mentioned grooves, and a plastic binder filling said grooves. v

ln testimony whereof l aiiiX my signature.

ALBERT HENDERSON. [n s] 

